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(Papilio nephelus)
Butterfly populations are a very good indicator of the health of an area's ecosystem !!
Also known as the Black & White Helen butterfly.
   Papilio nephelusare are mainly found in lowlands in primary forests.
   Warm and dry weather conditions are ideal for observing them, as they tend to be inactive during cold or rainy weather.
   They are attracted by the vivid colors and specific shapes of flowers, often mistaking them for other attractants.
  They play a critical role in the cross pollination of certain plants such as Asteraceae and fruit trees.
   When nectaring, they are often found near the corolla of flowers, where their fluffy hairs easily pick up pollen, and then drop it randomly, assisting in the cross pollination of plants.
    The basic color of their wings is black, with a chain of white spots on the forewing and a large white or yellow area on the hindwing.
   The ventral side and the dorsal side of the wings in this species are very similar.
   
The hindwings have wavy margins, with long tails.

   The thorax and the abdomen are black.

   Potential predators of adult Yellow Helens are

birds, spiders and praying mantises.

   * Yellow Helens can taste with its feet, a trait unique to Nymphalidae family members, that allows them to locate and identify their favorite plants instantly. 

Yellow Helen.png
Diet: caterpillars feed on Toddalia asiaticaEuodia meliifoliaFagra rhetsaCitrus species and Zanthoxylum rhetsa.
Diet: adults take Nectar from Lantana, Bougainvillea, Jasminum, Ixora, Hibiscus, among others.
Avg. Wingspan: 10 - 12 cm / 3.9 - 4.7 in.
Avg. Body Length: 10 - 19 cm / 3.9 – 7.48 “
Family: Nymphalidae
Caterpillar and Chrysalis
Yellow Helen caterpillar
Yellow Helen caterpillar
Yellow Helen chrysalis
The single biggest threat to butterfly survival is habitat destruction!!
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